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上 篇 中国共产党诞生以后,就一直与英国统治下的香港发生着密切关系。中国共产党成立之初在香港支持和领导的两次大罢工,直接促成全国反英浪潮的高涨。大革命失败后,中国共产党充分利用香港的特殊环境,开展各种革命活动,把香港变成保存革命实力、接通海内外渠道、从事统一战线工作、扩大中国共产党影响的重要基地。抗日战争时期,香港成为中国共产党抗击日寇的重要战场之一。解放战争中,中国共产党在香港领导了反蒋民主运动,为新中国的诞生作出了突出贡献。 一 中国共产党于1921年7月成立后,便致力于开展工人运动,为此成立了专门领导工人运动的机构“中国劳动组合书记部”。在中共的推动和领导下,从1922年1月至1923年2月,出现了党成立后的第一次工人运动高潮。而1922年1月爆发的香港海员大罢工,则成为这次工人运动高潮的起点。 香港之所以能成为中共领导的工运高潮的起点,是因为它具有发达的工会组织,特别是海员工会组织,而且具有悠久的罢工传统。1921年,香港已成立了125个工会,并于当年3月成立了中国最早的现代化工会“中华海员工业联合总会”。香港海员为改善生活待遇,连续三次向资方提出增加工资的
After the birth of the Chinese Communist Party, the Chinese Communist Party has always had close relations with Hong Kong under British rule. The two general strikes and strikes led by the Chinese Communist Party in Hong Kong at the beginning of the founding of the CPC directly contributed to the upsurge of anti-British tide throughout the country. After the failure of the Great Revolution, the Chinese Communist Party made full use of the special environment of Hong Kong and carried out various revolutionary activities to turn Hong Kong into an important base for preserving the revolutionary forces, connecting the channels at home and abroad, working on the united front and expanding the influence of the Chinese Communist Party. During the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, Hong Kong became one of the major battlefields for the Chinese Communist Party in its struggle against the Japanese invaders. In the War of Liberation, the Chinese Communist Party led the anti-Chiang Democracy movement in Hong Kong and made outstanding contributions to the birth of New China. After the founding of the Chinese Communist Party in July 1921, the Communist Party of China devoted itself to carrying out the workers ’movement. To this end, the “Work Committee of the Chinese Labor Commissariat” has been set up as the agency exclusively leading the workers’ movement. Under the promotion and leadership of the CPC, from January 1922 to February 1923, the climax of the first workers’ movement after the founding of the party came into existence. The strike of Hong Kong seafarers that broke out in January 1922 was the starting point for the climax of the workers’ movement. Hong Kong was able to become the starting point for the CCP-led climax of the fortunes because it has developed trade union organizations, especially seafarers’ unions, and has a long tradition of strikes. In 1921, Hong Kong had set up 125 trade unions and in March of that year established the “Chinese Federation of Seafarers Industries”, the earliest modernized union in China. In order to improve their living standards, seafarers in Hong Kong submitted wage increases to the employers three times in a row