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传粉动物为许多植物尤其是作物提供了重要的传粉服务,在保障全球粮食安全和人类福祉、缓冲气候变化对作物产量的影响等方面都发挥着重要的作用。然而来自全球土地利用变化、化学农药使用、外来物种入侵及气候变化等的威胁,导致传粉动物的多样性下降并造成了依赖动物传粉的作物产量和品质的下降。针对这一情况,作者提出了农业景观传粉动物多样性保护和利用的3种主要途径:(1)改善生产管理,例如减少化学农药的使用、适当地采取有机种植;(2)促进景观多样性,包括创建适宜野生传粉者的半自然生境、保护高价值的自然生境、作物多样化、合理配置资源和生境的空间分布;(3)加强对本土传粉动物的保护和开发利用。文章最后提出,为进一步提升传粉服务,还需加强对传粉者的生物学特征、传粉服务的需求与供给现状、影响传粉动物多样性和传粉服务的农作措施和景观因素等方面的研究。
Pollinating animals provide important pollination services for many plants, especially crops, and play an important role in ensuring global food security and human well-being, and in mitigating the effects of climate change on crop yields. However, threats from global land-use change, use of chemical pesticides, invasion of alien species and climate change have led to a decline in the diversity of pollinators and a decline in the yield and quality of crops that depend on animal pollination. In response to this situation, the authors propose three main approaches to the conservation and utilization of pollinators for agricultural landscapes: (1) improving production management, such as reducing the use of chemical pesticides and properly adopting organic farming; (2) promoting landscape diversity Including the creation of semi-natural habitats for suitable wild pollinators, the protection of high-value natural habitats, the diversification of crops, rational allocation of resources and the spatial distribution of habitats; and (3) increased protection and development and utilization of native pollinators. The article concludes that in order to further promote the pollination service, we need to further study the biological characteristics of pollinators, the demand and supply status of the pollination service, the farming measures affecting the pollinator diversity and pollination services and the landscape factors.