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目的了解江苏省恙虫病的流行特征,掌握疫情变化趋势,为江苏省恙虫病防控策略和措施提供科学依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法对2006-2015年江苏省恙虫病报告病例的流行特征进行分析。结果 2006-2015年江苏省共报告恙虫病病例5 531例,年平均发病率为0.70/10万,2006-2010年发病较平稳,2011-2015年发病呈上升趋势(χ~2=4 264.225,P<0.001);秋冬季为发病高峰期,10月和11月报告病例数占总病例数的95.91%(5 305/5 531)。女性年均发病率高于男性(χ~2=22.482,P<0.001),发病率随年龄增长不断上升,女性以65~岁年龄组最高,男性以75~岁年龄组最高;60~69岁年龄组、70~79岁年龄组和80~89岁年龄组人群发病构成比逐年升高(χ~2=8.072,P=0.005;χ~2=14.491,P<0.001;χ~2=12.356,P<0.001)。盐城市年均发病率最高(3.50/10万),其次是泰州市(2.78/10万),2006-2010年各地区发病率较低且平稳,2011年起各地区发病率开始上升并且呈扩散趋势,江苏北部和中部地区发病率上升趋势较南部地区明显。结论江苏省恙虫病发病水平较高,从2011年起上升趋势明显,疫区不断扩大,且发病呈现女性病例明显增加和高龄化,建议对重点地区和重点人群开展健康教育,以降低发病水平。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of tsutsugamushi disease in Jiangsu Province and grasp the changing trend of the epidemic situation so as to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control strategies and measures for tsutsugamushi disease in Jiangsu Province. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of reported tsutsugamushi disease in Jiangsu Province from 2006 to 2015. Results A total of 5 531 cases of tsutsugamushi disease were reported in Jiangsu Province from 2006 to 2015, with an average annual incidence rate of 0.70 / 100 000. The incidence was relatively stable from 2006 to 2010 with an increasing trend from 2011 to 2015 (χ ~ 2 = 4 264.225, P <0.001). In autumn and winter, the peak incidence was reported. The number of reported cases in October and November accounted for 95.91% (5 305/5 531) of the total number of cases. The average annual incidence of female was higher than that of male (χ ~ 2 = 22.482, P <0.001). The incidence increased with age, the highest was in women 65 to age group, the highest was in group 75 to age group, and the highest in female aged 60 to 69 years The incidence of disease in the age group, 70-79 age group and 80-89 age group increased year by year (χ ~ 2 = 8.072, P = 0.005; χ ~ 2 = 14.491, P <0.001; P <0.001). The annual average incidence of Yancheng was the highest (3.50 / 100000), followed by Taizhou (2.78 / 100000). The incidence in each region was low and stable from 2006 to 2010, and the incidence in all regions began to rise and spread from 2011 to 2010 Trend, the rising trend of the incidence in northern and central Jiangsu is more obvious than that in southern areas. Conclusions The incidence of scrub typhus in Jiangsu Province is relatively high. The rising trend is obvious since 2011, the epidemic area is expanding constantly, and the incidence of female sciosis is obviously increasing and aging. It is suggested to carry out health education in key areas and key populations so as to reduce the incidence.