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当前,随着载人航天技术的不断进步和人类生存危机的日益加深,向地外寻求生存空间已是必由之路。由于目前比较看好的地外星球是月球和火星,美国、俄罗斯和欧空局已经建立了各种类型的大型地面模拟基地,为最终建成月球或火星基地做准备。日本这样一个经济发达、技术先进但资源匮乏的国家,自然不甘落后,正积极准备向地外扩张,企图建立自己的空间殖民地。要尽早实现这一愿望,针对人的生命保障系统的建立必须先行。因此,12年前日本就开始筹划建立自己的月球/火星基地地面模拟实验系统——密闭生态实验装置(CEEF)。它由日本环境科学研究院下属的CEEF国际委员会负责筹划、施工、运作和管理。GEEF经历了方案筹划(1988年)、方案确定(1993年)、施工修建(1994年)和完工验收(1998年)等四个阶段。这一实验装置位于日本北部青藤省的洛卡石村,其目的在于:(1)研究放射物与环境之间的关系;(2)了解人工生态系统中物质流对周围环境的影响;(3)作为一试验平台,了解在如月球或火星基地等如此完全密闭的空间中,其生保机制和物质循环机制对密闭空间中主导环境因子的效应。本文就其最新研究进展作一简要介绍。
At present, with the continuous progress of manned space technology and the deepening crisis of human existence, it is necessary to seek living space from the outside world. As the current extraterrestrial planets are the Moon and Mars, the United States, Russia and ESA have set up various types of large ground simulation bases in preparation for the eventual construction of a lunar or Mars base. Japan, an economically developed and technologically advanced but resource-poor country, is naturally not far behind and is actively preparing to expand beyond the territories in an attempt to establish its own space colony. To achieve this as soon as possible, the establishment of a human life support system must be carried out first. Therefore, Japan began planning to set up its own ground simulation experiment system for the moon / Mars base 12 years ago, the Confined Eco-Experimental Facility (CEEF). It is planned, constructed, operated and managed by the CEEF International Committee under the Japan Institute of Environmental Sciences. GEEF has gone through four stages of program planning (1988), plan determination (1993), construction and construction (1994) and completion acceptance (1998). This experimental facility is located in the Lo Ka Shek village of Ivy League Province in northern Japan and aims to: (1) study the relationship between radiation and the environment; (2) understand the impact of material flow on the surrounding environment in artificial ecosystems; (3) ) As a pilot platform to understand the effects of the mechanisms of life and material circulation on the dominant environmental factors in a confined space in such a fully enclosed space as the Moon or Mars base. This article gives a brief introduction of its latest research progress.