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目的探讨糖尿病患者医院获得性肺炎的临床特征。方法回顾性分析2008年2月-2010年2月,1620例糖尿病住院患者的临床资料。结果发生医院获得性肺炎90例,发生率为5.56%,具有感染表现60例,30例症状不典型;痰培养阳性80例,其中革兰阴性杆菌43株、革兰阳性菌26株、白色假丝酵母菌11株;年龄?病程、血糖控制、侵入性操作、并发症、住院时间、预防应用抗菌药物是医院获得性肺炎相关因素;医院获得性肺炎死亡率为21.11%。结论糖尿病医院获得性肺炎发生率高,感染症状部分不典型,应将胸部X线检查应作为检查常规;规范应用抗菌药物。
Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics of hospital-acquired pneumonia in diabetic patients. Methods The clinical data of 1620 hospitalized patients with diabetes mellitus were retrospectively analyzed from February 2008 to February 2010. Results There were 90 hospital-acquired pneumonia cases, the incidence was 5.56%. There were 60 cases with infection and 30 cases with atypical symptoms. There were 80 positive sputum cultures, of which 43 were Gram-negative bacilli, 26 were Gram-positive bacteria, 11 strains of filamentous yeast; age and duration of disease, glycemic control, invasive procedures, complications, length of hospital stay, and prophylaxis and application of antibacterials were the related factors of hospital-acquired pneumonia. The mortality rate of hospital-acquired pneumonia was 21.11%. Conclusion The incidence of nosocomial pneumonia in diabetic patients is high, and the symptoms of the infection are not typical. Thoracic X-ray examination should be used as routine examination. Antibiotics should be standardized.