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关于种痘术在中国的早期发展史,至今仍有诸多未解之谜。本文通过对旧有史料进行重新考证,指出现存文献所栽最早种痘活动的准确时间应为1523年,而非前人所认为的1522年;同时,利用新发现的明代史料,对“天姥娘娘种疸”等早期传说的来源及文化背景进行剖析,揭示出其中所反映的儒释道三家思想元素在民间社会信仰层面的交融。
There are still many unresolved mysteries about the early history of vaccination in China. This article re-examines the old historical materials, pointing out that the earliest time for the cultivation of the existing species-changing pox activities in the existing literature should be 1523 instead of the 1522 years previously considered by the forerunners. At the same time, using the newly discovered historical materials of the Ming Dynasty, The origin and cultural background of the early legends such as “Nymphs and Bastards” revealed the integration of the three Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism reflected in the faith of civil society.