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目的分析晚期早产儿中发生小于胎龄儿(SGA)的围生期因素及新生儿期患病特点。方法选取2014年5月-2016年5月甘肃省妇幼保健院新生儿重症监护病房收治的晚期早产儿515例,依据胎龄和出生体重的关系分为SGA组90例和适于胎龄儿(AGA)组425例,对两组新生儿母亲妊娠期高血压疾病、羊水过少等围生期因素进行对照分析,并对其患病情况进行比较。结果 SGA组新生儿的出生体重显著低于AGA组(P<0.05),住院时间显著长于AGA组(P<0.05),多胎妊娠、羊水过少、宫内窘迫、母亲妊娠期高血压疾病发生率均显著高于AGA组(P<0.05),胎膜早破发生率显著低于AGA组(P<0.05),新生儿窒息、喂养不耐受、颅内出血、低血糖、红细胞增多症发生率均显著高于AGA组(P<0.05)。结论晚期早产儿中发生SGA的围生期因素包括多胎妊娠、羊水过少、宫内窘迫、胎膜早破、母亲妊娠期高血压疾病,新生儿窒息、喂养不耐受、颅内出血、低血糖、红细胞增多症。
Objective To analyze the perinatal factors of infantile gestational age (SGA) and the prevalence of neonatal period in preterm infants with advanced stage. Methods From May 2014 to May 2016, 515 cases of late preterm infants admitted to neonatal intensive care unit of Gansu Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital were divided into 90 cases of SGA group and those of gestational age group according to the relationship between gestational age and birth weight AGA group of 425 cases of neonatal mothers of the two groups of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, oligohydramnios and other perinatal factors were compared and the prevalence of the disease were compared. Results The birth weight of newborns in SGA group was significantly lower than that in AGA group (P <0.05) and hospital stay was significantly longer than that in AGA group (P <0.05). The incidence of multiple pregnancy, oligohydramnios, intrauterine distress and maternal hypertensive disorders (P <0.05). The incidence of premature rupture of membranes was significantly lower than that of AGA group (P <0.05). Neonatal asphyxia, feeding intolerance, intracranial hemorrhage, hypoglycemia, and the incidence of polycythemia Significantly higher than AGA group (P <0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Perinatal causes of SGA in advanced preterm infants include multiple pregnancies, oligohydramnios, intrauterine distress, premature rupture of membranes, hypertensive disorder of pregnancy in pregnancy, neonatal asphyxia, feeding intolerance, intracranial hemorrhage, hypoglycaemia , Polycythemia.