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村民自治在我国农村广泛推行以来,对村庄的政治和经济产生了巨大的影响。在村庄治理的过程中,村庄精英起着极其重要的作用。他们在村落政治中的参与及结果,直接关系到村庄以后的政治权力格局和经济发展前景。通过村民直选选出能够胜任村庄管理事务的村干部,这种“能人治理”的模式是村民自治政策实施的理想效果。然而,在笔者对山西省D县Z村选举的参与观察中,却看到了能人治理在这里的不可实现性,而这种不可实现性和村落社区的文化网络经历的变迁有着毋庸置疑的联系。本文旨在通过对z村的民主选举过程的透析,来解释造成这一困境的原因,从而对村民自治在这类村庄的发展前景做出预测。
Since the extensive implementation of villager autonomy in rural China, it has had a huge impact on the village’s politics and economy. In the process of village governance, village elites play an extremely important role. Their participation and results in village politics are directly related to the village’s political power and economic development prospects. Through the direct election of the villagers to elect village cadres who are capable of performing village management affairs, such a model of “capable governance” is the ideal effect of implementing the policy of self-governance for villagers. However, in the observation of the author’s participation in the election of Village Z in County D, Shanxi Province, I saw the unmaniferability of capable governance here, which is undeniably connected with the changes in the cultural network experience of village communities . The purpose of this paper is to explain the causes of this dilemma through the dialysis of the democratic election process in village z and to predict the development prospects of village self-government in such villages.