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目的了解宁夏农村土壤中蛔虫卵感染情况。方法选择宁夏5个县200个监测点采集农田5~20 cm表层土壤及20 cm深层土壤,采用饱和硝酸盐漂浮法检测蛔虫卵。结果宁夏农田5~20 cm表层和20 cm深层土壤中人蛔虫卵平均检出率分别为54.5%和17.5%,活卵检出率分别为52.3%和14.3%;2011-2013年农田5~20 cm表层土壤中人蛔虫卵检出率和活卵率差异均有统计学意义(χ2=6.089,P=0.048;χ2=14.92,P=0.001);20 cm深层土壤中人蛔虫卵检出率和活卵率差异均有统计学意义(χ2=178.2,P<0.001;χ2=46.8,P<0.001);沙土、壤土、粘土中5~20 cm表层土壤蛔虫卵检出率和活卵率分别为78.8%和86.6%、52.3%和41.3%、42.4%和39.3%;川区和山区5~20 cm表层土壤蛔虫卵检出率和活卵率分别为77.6%、38.0%和59.8%、41.3%。。结论宁夏农村土壤蛔虫卵和活卵检出率较高,不同土壤质地和不同地区土壤蛔虫卵检出率有差异,农村环境整治和粪便无害化处理工作需进一步加强。
Objective To understand the infection of ascaris eggs in the soil of Ningxia. Methods 200 sites in 5 counties of Ningxia were selected to collect 5-20 cm topsoil and 20 cm deep soil in farmland. The Ascaris eggs were detected by saturated nitrate flooding method. Results The average detection rates of human Ascaris eggs in 5-20 cm soil layer and 20 cm deep soil in Ningxia farmland were 54.5% and 17.5% respectively, and the detection rates of live eggs were 52.3% and 14.3% respectively. The farmland from 2011-2013 was 5-20% cm (P <0.001); χ2 = 14.92, P = 0.001); the detection rate of Ascaris suum eggs and the rate of live eggs in surface soil of 20 cm were significantly different (χ2 = 6.089, P = (Χ2 = 178.2, P <0.001; χ2 = 46.8, P <0.001). The detection rates of Ascaris suum ascaris eggs and the percentage of live eggs in surface soils of 5-20 cm in sandy soil, loamy soil and clay were 78.8% and 86.6%, 52.3% and 41.3%, 42.4% and 39.3% respectively. The detection rates of Ascaris suum ascaris eggs and the live eggs in 5 ~ 20 cm surface soil in Sichuan and mountainous areas were 77.6%, 38.0% and 59.8%, 41.3% . . Conclusion The detection rates of ascaris eggs and live eggs in soil are higher in Ningxia. The detection rates of soil ascaris eggs in different soil textures and in different areas are different. Rural environment remediation and excrement decontamination should be further strengthened.