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与传统卫星不同,快速响应卫星的任务具有很强的时效性,采用传统的按重要程度分配部件可靠性的设计方式,难以在最大程度上降低成本。因此引入工业领域的等寿命设计理念,以预定寿命为基础进行星载电子系统的部件选择和集成,使系统的生命周期与成本成正比,达到“快、智、廉”的目标。进一步,提出了一种基于遗传算法的即插即用星载电子系统等寿命优化方法,通过建立系统的非线性混合整数规划模型,对部件可靠性均方差和价格成本进行优化。此外针对卫星总体方案分配的体积、重量和可靠性约束,为算法设计了归一化满意度函数和Pareto解共享函数。仿真结果表明,算法表现出较好的收敛性和稳定性,在预定寿命期间能够在部件级有效消除可靠性短板,并实现良好的成本控制。
Unlike traditional satellites, the task of rapidly responding to satellites is very time-critical. It is difficult to minimize costs by adopting a traditional design method that distributes component reliability by importance. Therefore, the concept of equal life design in the industrial field is introduced to select and integrate the components of the on-board electronic system based on the predetermined life, so that the life cycle of the system is directly proportional to the cost and the goal of “fast, smart and inexpensive” is achieved. Furthermore, a life optimization method such as plug-and-play on-board electronic system based on genetic algorithm is proposed. By optimizing the system’s nonlinear mixed integer programming model, the mean square error of component reliability and cost price are optimized. In addition, the normalized Satisfaction Function and Pareto Solution Shared Function for the algorithm are designed according to the volume, weight and reliability constraints of the satellite overall scheme allocation. The simulation results show that the algorithm shows good convergence and stability, and can effectively eliminate the shortcomings of reliability at the component level and achieve good cost control during the predetermined lifetime.