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目的比较不同年龄段精神疾病患者住院费用及其变化趋势。方法采用回顾性研究方法纵向分析山东省精神卫生中心2005—2012年9 841例精神疾病患者的住院费用。结果青年患者的平均住院天数最长,为51 d,老年患者最短,为39 d。2005—2012年,不同年龄段精神疾病患者的日均住院费用和人均住院费用均呈现增长趋势,2012年青年、中年、老年患者的日均住院费用分别增长到263.33、236.63、241.13元,人均住院费用分别达到12 779、10 996、9 233.5元,2009年人均住院费用年增长率分别高达25.41%、41.89%、63.38%。药费、诊疗费和床位费是不同年龄段精神疾病患者的主要组成部分,2009—2012年药费所占比例出现下降趋势。住院天数是中青年精神疾病患者住院费用的最主要影响因素,而住院次数是老年患者住院费用的最主要影响因素。结论青年、中年和老年精神疾病患者住院费用普遍较高,应加强对不同年龄段精神疾病患者的经济补偿,减轻精神疾病患者的经济负担。
Objective To compare the hospitalization costs and trends of mental illness patients of different ages. Methods A retrospective study was conducted to longitudinally analyze hospitalization costs of 9 841 mental patients in Shandong Mental Health Center from 2005 to 2012. Results The average length of stay in young patients was 51 days, the shortest in elderly patients was 39 days. From 2005 to 2012, the average daily hospitalization expenses and per capita hospitalization expenses of patients with mental illness at different ages showed an increasing trend. The average daily hospitalization expenses of young, middle-aged and elderly patients in 2012 increased to 263.33,236.63 and 241.13 yuan per capita respectively, Hospitalization costs reached 12,779,10,996,9233.5 yuan respectively. In 2009, the annual growth rate of per capita hospitalization expenses was as high as 25.41%, 41.89% and 63.38% respectively. Medical expenses, medical expenses and bed fee are the major components of patients with mental disorders of different ages. The proportion of drug fees in 2009-2012 declined. Hospitalization days is the most important factor affecting the hospitalization expenses of young and middle-aged patients with mental illness, and the number of hospitalizations is the most important factor affecting the hospitalization expenses of the elderly patients. Conclusion The hospitalization costs of young, middle-aged and elderly patients with mental illness are generally high. Financial compensation should be strengthened for patients with mental illness at different ages and the economic burden of patients with mental illness should be alleviated.