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目的了解安阳市青少年自杀行为现况及其影响因素,为采取干预措施提供依据。方法采用分层整群抽样方法,对河南省安阳市24所监测学校共5 040人进行问卷调查。结果过去的12个月里,河南省安阳市5 040名大、中学生中有8.9%的学生考虑过自杀(自杀意念),5.0%的学生做过自杀计划,2.3%的学生采取措施试图自杀(自杀行为),且行为发生率均是高中生>初中生>大学生(P<0.01),农村高于城市(P<0.01),但无性别差异(P>0.05)。青少年不良心理情绪障碍顺位依次是压力大(84.5%)、孤独(74.8%)、失眠(65.1%)。中学生自杀行为logistic回归分析显示,重组家庭(OR=5.076)、吃快餐天数(OR=3.526)、打架(OR=1.841)、绝望(OR=2.112)、自杀意念(OR=15.102)、出走意念(OR=2.099)、出走行为(OR=3.268)和使用毒品(OR=4.311)是自杀行为的危险因素。结论家庭、学校和社会应该共同采取综合的干预措施,预防和减少青少年自杀的发生。
Objective To understand the current situation of juvenile suicide behavior and its influencing factors in Anyang City, and to provide the basis for the intervention. Methods A stratified cluster sampling method was used to survey 5 040 people from 24 schools in Anyang City, Henan Province. Results In the past 12 months, 8.9% of 5,040 large and middle school students in Anyang City, Henan Province, considered suicide (suicidal ideation), 5.0% of students did suicide plans, and 2.3% of students took measures to commit suicide (P <0.01). The rural areas were higher than the urban areas (P <0.01), but there was no gender difference (P> 0.05). Adolescent adverse psychological mood disorder followed the order of stress (84.5%), loneliness (74.8%), insomnia (65.1%). The logistic regression analysis of suicide among middle school students showed that there was no significant difference in the number of fasting (OR = 5.076), fasting days (OR = 3.526), fighting (OR = 1.841), despair (OR = 2.112), suicidal ideation OR = 2.099). The behavior of escape (OR = 3.268) and the use of drugs (OR = 4.311) were risk factors of suicidal behavior. Conclusion Families, schools and society should jointly adopt comprehensive interventions to prevent and reduce the incidence of suicide among adolescents.