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分析了赤道地区纬向风的年际变化特征,以及亚澳季风与ENSO在各个位相的联系。结果表明:赤道纬向风变化与中东太平洋海温变化在准四年周期上是强烈耦合的;在El Nino期间东亚冬季风弱,夏季风强,而南亚夏季风弱,反之,在 La Nina期间东亚冬季风强,夏季风弱,而南亚夏季风强;东亚地区的异常北风有利于西太平洋西风异常爆发,使得东太平洋海温升高,但只有随后在中东太平洋出现持续性西风异常,El Nino才能发展,其中来自太平洋中部的异常北风(并不是来自东亚大陆地区)和南太平洋中部的异常南风的辐合对中东太平洋出现持续性西风异常起重要的作用,尤其是澳大利亚东北部的季风异常的影响更为显著。
The interannual variability of the zonal winds in the equatorial regions and the association of the Asian and Australian monsoons with ENSO are analyzed. The results show that the change of equatorial zonal wind is strongly coupled with the variation of SST in the Middle East Pacific over a quasi-four-year period. During the El Nino period, the winter monsoon is weak in East Asia, while the summer monsoon is strong while the South Asian summer monsoon is weak. On the contrary, East Asian winter monsoon is strong with weak summer monsoon and strong summer monsoon in South Asia. Anomalous north winds in East Asia are conducive to anomalous westerly anomalies in the western Pacific, resulting in an increase in SST in the eastern Pacific. However, only persistent westerly anomalies subsequently occur in the eastern and central Pacific Ocean. El Nino could develop, where the convergence of anomalous north winds (not from the East Asian continent) from the central Pacific Ocean and the anomalous southward convergence of the central South Pacific Ocean plays an important role in the sustained westerly anomalies in the Middle East and the Pacific, especially in the northeastern part of Australia The impact of monsoon anomalies is even more pronounced.