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针对常规三维地震对小断层、陷落柱解释精度较低的现状,提出了三维数据体方差体计算方法,以克服常规解释方法存在的问题。方差体技术的核心,就是求取整个三维地震数据体中所有样点的方差值。方差值参数的选取原则:一是要根据预测的断层走向选择加法模式或乘法模式;二是要根据所预测断层的大小来确定参与运算的道数;三是根据地层倾角的大小选择计算时窗。依据其计算方法及参数选取原则编制了三维地震方差体微机计算软件,利用该软件对山东某区三维地震资料进行了解释。实例表明经方差体计算的水平切片可以很清楚的看断层的错断、同相轴的扭曲及断层的延展方向,经方差体计算的顺层切片对断层的空间展布、走向及相互间切割关系也一目了然,特别是在常规解释结果中却没有明显的反映的较小断层,在顺层切片中清晰可见,由此看见方差体解释技术对断层细节的反映更为清晰。
Aiming at the low accuracy of interpretation for small faults and collapse columns in conventional 3D seismic data, a method for calculating 3D body cube is proposed to overcome the problems existing in conventional interpretation methods. The core of variance body technique is to find the variance value of all the samples in the whole three-dimensional seismic data body. Variance parameter selection principles: First, according to the prediction of the fault to select the addition mode or multiplication mode; the second is based on the size of the predicted fault to determine the number of channels involved in the operation; third is based on the size of dip choice when calculating window. According to its calculation method and parameter selection principle, a 3D seismic variance body computer calculation software was compiled. By using this software, the 3D seismic data in a certain area of Shandong Province were explained. The examples show that the horizontal slice calculated by the variance body can clearly see the fault dislocation, the torsion of the phase axis and the extension direction of the fault, the spatial distribution, the direction and the mutual cutting relationship It is also clear at a glance that, in particular, smaller faults, which are not clearly reflected in the conventional interpretation results, are clearly visible in the sectioned slices and thus see that the variance body interpretation technique makes the reflection of the fault details clearer.