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一、临床资料:男237例,女115例,最大年龄12岁,最小45天,平均4岁6月,其中7～12岁患者165人,6岁以下者187人。致伤原因:6岁以下小儿以坠落伤为主,占同龄期的72.6%(136人),7岁以上坠落伤相对降低,而摔伤、打击伤、车祸等致伤因素逐渐增高。症状及体征:头部外伤当即出现意识障碍者352人,占100%,意识障碍时间最短者仅数秒钟,长者可达半小时不等,但多为2～4分钟;醒后哭闹者占68%(239人);面色苍白、恶心、呕吐者占87%(306人)。出现一过性病理反射者占11%(39人,仅2岁以上患儿做此项检查);出现呼吸节律变化者占3%(11人);惊厥发作者占0.8%(33人)。伴头皮裂伤、颅骨骨折、关节脱位、长骨骨折者各占12%(42人)、6%(21人)、1.1%(4人)和1.5%(5人)。特
First, the clinical data: 237 males and 115 females, the maximum age of 12 years, a minimum of 45 days, an average of 4 years in June, of which 165 patients were 7 to 12 years of age, 187 were under 6 years of age. Causes of injury: children under 6 years of age mainly fall cortical injuries, accounting for 72.6% (136) of the same age, falling injuries over the age of 7-year-old relative reduction, and falls, injuries, car accidents and other injuries gradually increased. Symptoms and Signs: Immediate head injury with disturbance of consciousness 352, accounting for 100%, disturbance of consciousness for a short time only a few seconds, the elderly up to half an hour, but mostly 2 to 4 minutes; woke up crying after Accounting for 68% (239); pale, nausea, vomiting accounted for 87% (306). Patients who had had a pathological reflex accounted for 11% (39 patients, only 2 years or older). Respiratory rhythm changes accounted for 3% (11 persons); seizures accounted for 0.8% (33 persons). Accompanied by scalp injury, skull fracture and joint dislocation, 12 cases (42 persons), 6% (21 persons), 1.1% (4 persons) and 1.5% (5 persons) each had long bone fractures. special