目的：论述中国古代药市的形成及与当代药材交易会（药交会）的关系和它们的重要功能、作用。方法：考查了古代一般庙会与药王庙会对药市形成、发展的影响，当代药交会与古代药市的联系与区别。结果与结论：指出了不少的药市、尤其几大全国性药市，都由庙会转化而来；药业在药市建药王庙后，由行业组织承办药王庙会，使祭庆活动和药材交易更加专业化、制度化、规模化；当代药交会是古代药市的继承与发展；古今药市药交会是药业的一种重要市场形式，发挥了沟通中药产供销的桥梁作用。 Objective: To discuss the formation of the ancient Chinese medicine market and its relationship with the contemporary medicine trade fair (the drug trade fair) and their important functions and functions. Methods: Examining the influence of the ancient temple fairs and Yaowang temple on the formation and development of the drug market, the connection and difference between the contemporary drug fair and the ancient drug market. Results and Conclusions: It was pointed out that many drug markets, especially several major national drug markets, were transformed from temple fairs; after the drug industry built Yaowang Temple in the drug city, the industry organization organized the Yaowang Temple Fair to make festival activities. The drug trade is more specialized, institutionalized and large-scale. The contemporary drug fair is the inheritance and development of the ancient drug market. The ancient and modern drug market is an important market form of the drug industry, and it has played a role in bridging the production, supply and sales of traditional Chinese medicine.