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目的 探讨肺部真菌感染发病的易患因素、临床特征、治疗和预后。方法 应用回顾性调查的方法对 12 7例肺部真菌感染患者进行分析。结果 94 % ( 12 0 /12 7)的病例患有基础疾病 ,其中以慢性阻塞性肺疾病 (COPD)、系统性红斑狼疮、白血病和慢性肾病为多见。肿瘤性疾病也占有重要位置 ,原发性肺部真菌感染少见。肺部真菌感染的临床表现无特异性 ,X线表现以支气管肺炎多见 ( 61% ) ,病原菌主要以酵母菌属为主 ( 79.5% ) ,早期诊断仍困难。肺部真菌感染病死率较高 ,基础病为慢性肾病和血液系统疾病 ,其死亡风险的RR值较其他疾病大。结论 肺部真菌感染是多种疾病继发感染的重要原因 ,其临床表现特异性少 ,病死率高 ,发病呈上升趋势 ,应引起临床高度重视
Objective To investigate the risk factors, clinical features, treatment and prognosis of pulmonary fungal infection. Methods A retrospective survey of 12 7 cases of pulmonary fungal infection were analyzed. Results 94% (120/127) of the cases had underlying diseases, of which chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), systemic lupus erythematosus, leukemia and chronic kidney disease were more common. Tumor diseases also occupy an important position, the primary pulmonary fungal infection rare. The clinical manifestations of pulmonary fungal infection were nonspecific. X-ray findings were more common in bronchopneumonia (61%). The main pathogenic bacteria were yeast (79.5%). Early diagnosis was still difficult. Mortality of pulmonary fungal infection is higher, the underlying disease is chronic kidney disease and blood diseases, the risk of death RR RR greater than other diseases. Conclusions Pulmonary fungal infection is an important cause of secondary infection of various diseases. It has few clinical manifestations, high case fatality rate and an increasing incidence, which should be highly valued in clinic