论文部分内容阅读
颈动脉粥样硬化性狭窄是发生缺血性脑卒中的常见原因,目前临床外科治疗颈动脉硬化性狭窄的标准术式是颈动脉内膜剥脱术(carotid endarterectomy,CEA),而正确判断颈动脉是否狭窄、狭窄的程度、斑块的性质以及斑块的位置、形态等,对手术适应证及手术时机的选择以及手术效果的评估等均有重要的临床指导价值。数字减影与血管造影(Digital subtraction angiography,DSA)被认为是目前评估颈动脉狭窄与闭塞的金标准,可指导介入的治疗过程以及预后评估;常规超声可以直接显示斑块的位置、形态和评估狭窄程度等,是颈动脉狭窄的首选检查方法;三维超声作为常规超声的重要发展,不仅能够立体显示颈动脉斑块的位置、形态和管腔情况,而且能够对颈动脉斑块进行精确的测量,对斑块性质做出评估,同时还具有无创性、无放射性、操作方便、成像快捷、重复性好等优点,有望成为CEA术前制定更加合理的手术方案的影像学检查手段。
Carotid atherosclerosis is a common cause of ischemic stroke. Currently, the standard surgical procedure for the treatment of carotid atherosclerosis is carotid endarterectomy (CEA), and the carotid artery Whether the stenosis, the degree of stenosis, the nature of the plaque and the location and shape of the plaque, etc., have important clinical guidance value on the surgical indications and the timing of surgery and the evaluation of the surgical effect. Digital subtraction angiography (DSA) is considered as the gold standard for the current assessment of carotid stenosis and occlusion, which can guide the interventional treatment process and prognostic evaluation. Conventional ultrasound can directly display the location, shape and assessment of plaque Stenosis and so on, is the preferred method of carotid artery stenosis; three-dimensional ultrasound as an important development of conventional ultrasound, not only can be three-dimensional display of carotid plaque location, shape and luminal conditions, but also the carotid plaque can be accurately measured , The evaluation of the plaque properties, but also has the advantages of noninvasive, non-radioactive, easy to operate, imaging fast, good repeatability, is expected to become CEA preoperative imaging to develop a more reasonable surgical imaging means.