本文根据1980～1981连续两年的试验结果,论述了毕节地区马铃薯生产上的主栽品种米拉的脱毒优势及其利用途径。 1.米拉脱毒种薯在网室隔离条件下繁殖原种一代,从第二代开始在自然条件下开放繁殖至第六代,仍然保持较高的增产率。在春薯组中以原种一代产量最高,秋薯组中以开放繁殖的第四代种薯产量最高;春薯组的增产率大于秋薯组。 2.米拉品种的脱毒优势表现为植株矮壮,茎杆粗实,节间短,分枝多,株型紧凑;地上部茎叶鲜重高,叶色浓,叶面积系数大,光合作用强度高,叶片有效功能期长;单株结薯个数多,产量高。 3.针对米拉品种抗退化能力强,脱毒种薯在开放繁殖时病毒再感染速度慢的特点,有可能简化米拉脱毒种薯的良种繁育程序,以加速脱毒种薯在生产上的推广应用。 Based on the test results of two consecutive years from 1980 to 1981, this paper discussed the advantages of detoxification and utilization of the main cultivars of Mira in potato production in Bijie. 1. The Milat virus-free seed potato breeds the original plant under the condition of net room isolation, and from the second generation began to breed under the natural conditions to the sixth generation, still maintaining a high rate of yield increase. In the spring potato group, the highest yield of the original seed was produced in the first generation, and the yield of the fourth generation of seedlings in the open potato group was the highest in the spring potato group. The yield increase rate of the spring potato group was higher than that in the autumn potato group. The detoxification superiority of Mila variety is that the plant is short and strong, the stem is thick, the internode is short, the branch is more and the plant type is compact; the shoot fresh weight, leaf color is thick, leaf area coefficient is big, photosynthesis High intensity of action, leaves a long period of effective function; number of tubers per plant, high yield. 3. With respect to the strong antidegradability of Mila varieties, the virus re-infection rate of virus-free seed potatoes in the open-breeding period is likely to simplify the seed breeding program of Milat virus-free seed so as to speed up the production of virus-free seed potatoes in production The promotion and application.