战略贸易政策作为一种主张在不完全竞争条件下政府可以对贸易和产业活动进行适度干预的理论,从其产生伊始就受到世人关注。虽然战略贸易政策理论兴起于发达国家实践,但从理论研究的逻辑延伸和现实需要出发,仍有许多学者致力于将其引入发展中国家的对外贸易实践中。战略贸易政策理论对发展中国家的对外贸易实践具有一定的借鉴意义。但战略贸易政策在发展中国家实施要取得良好的效果,还需要一些基本条件,这些条件包括:产业识别、时间选择、政府质量和外部约束。发展中国家在推行战略贸易政策过程中应该谨慎处理好这些问题,以更快地推动贸易和产业发展。 As a theory advocating that the government can moderately interfere in trade and industrial activities under conditions of imperfect competition, strategic trade policies have drawn much attention from the very beginning. Although the theory of strategic trade policy rises in the practice of developed countries, there are still many scholars devoted to introducing it into the practice of foreign trade of developing countries from the logic extension and realistic need of theoretical research. The theory of strategic trade policy has some reference to developing countries’ foreign trade practices. However, the strategic trade policy to be implemented in developing countries to achieve good results, but also need some basic conditions, these conditions include: industrial identification, timing, government quality and external constraints. Developing countries should handle these issues carefully in the process of implementing their strategic trade policies so as to promote trade and industrial development more rapidly.