【目的】探明机械操作引起的土壤压实对宿根甘蔗出苗及根系形成的影响,为优化甘蔗机械化栽培方法和评价适宜机械化栽培的甘蔗品种提供理论参考。【方法】试验采用双因素随机区组设计,其中一个因子为碾压(机械碾压处理;对照),另外一个因子为甘蔗品种(ROC22、GT42、GT43、GT30、GT03-2287和GT98-296)。收获后调查农艺性状及根系的功能属性参数。【结果】机械碾压后,10~20 cm土层容重增幅最大,土壤紧实度随土层加深而增加,在40 cm时处理和对照的土层压强趋于一致;GT42、GT43和GT98-296等品种的出苗数和株高均高于其它品种;根系干重、根系长度、根系表面积和根系平均直径均不同程度下降,根系干重变化幅度与其数值大小呈负相关;所有参试品种一级根系比例增加,二级、三级和四级根系的比例均不同程度下降。【结论】机械碾压增加蔗地土壤紧实度,限制了宿根甘蔗的根系生长,进而影响植株的生长。不同品种适应紧实胁迫的能力存在差异,在使用大型收获机械进行甘蔗生产时应选用宿根出苗能力强且根系发达的品种。 【Objective】 The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of soil compaction on root emergence and root formation of sugarcane rootstocks caused by mechanical operation and to provide theoretical reference for optimizing mechanized cultivation methods of sugarcane and evaluation of suitable mechanized cultivated sugarcane varieties. 【Method】 Two-factor randomized block design was used in the experiment. One of the factors was roller compaction (mechanical roller compaction; control) and the other factor was sugarcane varieties (ROC22, GT42, GT43, GT30, GT03-2287 and GT98-296) . After harvest, the agronomic traits and root function parameters were investigated. 【Result】 The results showed that the bulk density of 10-20 cm soil layer had the largest increase after mechanical rolling, and the compaction of soil increased with soil depth. The soil layer pressure at 40 cm was consistent with that of the control. The soil layers of GT42, GT43 and GT98- 296 and other varieties were higher than other varieties of seedling emergence and plant height; root dry weight, root length, root surface area and average root diameter decreased to varying degrees, the root dry weight change amplitude and its value was inversely related to the size; The proportion of root system increased, while the proportion of two, three and four roots decreased to different extents. 【Conclusion】 Mechanical compaction increased the compaction of soil in sugarcane so as to limit the root growth of sugarcane in rooting and further affect the plant growth. The ability of different varieties to adapt to the compaction stress is different. When using large-scale harvesting machinery for sugarcane production, the varieties with strong rooting ability and root development should be selected.