神经系统损害后所产生的机能障碍,反映出一系列的临床症状和体征。综合临床症状和体征来推断神经系统受损的部位,称为定位诊断。神经系统的病变部位可分为三类:局部病变、弥漫病变和系统病变。局部病变是神经系统某一部位结构的损害,神经组织不一定首先受侵。如炎症病变可先在血管和胶质细胞开始,至血管产生闭塞则引起神经组织的局限性软化、坏死。肿瘤可直接压迫或侵入某部神经组织,外伤可破坏局部组织结构等。局部病变时可呈完全性或部分性损害,产生临床上相应的机能障碍,如全瘫或不全 Dysfunction caused by nervous system damage reflects a series of clinical symptoms and signs. Comprehensive clinical symptoms and signs to infer the damaged parts of the nervous system, known as the positioning diagnosis. Nervous system lesions can be divided into three categories: local lesions, diffuse lesions and systemic lesions. Local lesion is a structural damage to a part of the nervous system, nerve tissue is not necessarily the first invasion. Such as inflammatory lesions can be the first in the blood vessels and glial cells to the vascular occlusion is caused by the limitations of nervous tissue softening and necrosis. Tumors can directly oppression or invasion of a nerve tissue, trauma can destroy the local tissue structure. Local lesions may be complete or partial damage, resulting in the corresponding clinical dysfunction, such as paralysis or incomplete