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本文把工程演化过程理解为一种“双重双螺旋”过程,即由“技术链”和“非技术链”(“经济-社会链”)共同构成的“双螺旋”。演化过程则由“技术发明-工程创新-产业扩散”三个环节组成。其中,工程“双重双螺旋”中“技术链”的演化,其基本内容是“技术硬件(机器)和技术软件(知识和制度)双螺旋”的演化。“选择与建构”机制是工程演化过程中的一个重要机制。选择机制使得在技术-经济进化过程中,技术创新成果经过市场的选优汰劣,保证了工程活动和市场经济的健康演进。建构机制则体现为技术链与经济-社会链的“双重双螺旋”变革,形成新类型的“双重双螺旋”等形式。
In this paper, the process of engineering evolution is understood as a “double double spiral” process, which consists of “double” and “double chain” spiral“. The evolutionary process consists of three parts: ”technological invention - engineering innovation - industrial diffusion“. Among them, the evolution of engineering ”double double helix “ ”technology chain “ is based on the evolution of the ”double helix“ of technical hardware (machine) and technical software (knowledge and system). The ”choice and construction“ mechanism is an important mechanism in the process of project evolution. In the process of technological-economic evolution, the selection mechanism enables technological innovation to pass through the market and ensure the healthy evolution of engineering activities and market economy. The construction mechanism is reflected in the ”double double helix“ transformation of the technological chain and the economic-social chain to form a new type of ”double double helix".