5-HT3 receptor has been implicated in learning and memory processes.Activation of this receptor has been suggested to impair cognition whereas its inhibitio
Sigma-1 receptors are highly expressed in the brain.The downstream signaling mechanisms associated with the sigma-1 receptor activation have been shown to i
Objective It is known that chronic pain affects various higher brain functions including perception, emotion, cognition, and memory.However, few studies hav