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统计推断是指根据样本资料来推测和判断总体的某种规律。推断理论是数理统计学的核心部分。既然是由样本推断总体,当然不能具有百分之百的可靠性。事实上每一次推断都要说明相应的可靠性。推断理论主要可分为互相连系着的两大类问题——参数估计和统计假设检验。参数估计就是根据样本数值对总体未知参数进行估计。这里介绍的林业上常用的两个重要特征数总体平均数和总体频率的估计就属于这类问题。参数估计又分两种情况:其一为定值估计(又称点估计),其二为区间估计。定值
Statistical inference is based on the sample data to speculate and determine the overall law. Inference theory is a core part of mathematical statistics. Since it is inferred from the sample overall, of course, can not have 100% reliability. In fact, every inference must explain the corresponding reliability. Inference theory can be divided into two major types of problems linked to each other - parameter estimation and statistical hypothesis testing. The parameter estimation is to estimate the unknown parameters based on the sample values. The general average and general frequency estimates of the two most important features commonly used in forestry presented here fall into this category. Parameter estimation is divided into two situations: one for the valuation (also known as point estimation), and the other is interval estimation. Value