日本以法令形式将“特别活动”列为中小学必须课程。近年随着城镇化、信息化、少子化的急速发展,培养和发展学生的社会性成为“特别活动”的一项最主要任务。日本中小学按照“从做中学”的原理,注重引导学生发现班级生活中所出现的问题,让学生通过社会体验和自然体验以及人与事物、情景的相互作用,在实践过程中培养学生的自主性和社会性,领悟民主社会的精神和规范。 Japan listed “Special Activities” as a necessary course in primary and secondary schools by decree. In recent years, with the rapid development of urbanization, informatization and child-oriented education, it has become a major task of cultivating and developing students’ sociality to become “special activities”. In accordance with the principle of “learning from secondary school”, Japanese primary and secondary schools focus on guiding students to discover problems that arise in class life. Students are encouraged to cultivate students through practice of social experience and natural experience, as well as the interaction between people and things and situations The autonomy and social nature of society to understand the spirit and norms of a democratic society.