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目的分析安康市艾滋病病毒(HIV)感染者/艾滋病患者(AIDS)的死亡情况及其影响因素,探讨降低死亡的方法。方法依据《艾滋病和艾滋病病毒感染诊断标准》(WS293-2008)及2012年艾滋病综合防治信息系统新死因分类相关规定,采用Excel 2007和SPSS 20.0软件对2002—2015年安康市艾滋病死亡病例数据库资料进行整理和统计分析。结果累计427例HIV/AIDS病例中,死亡145例,累计病死率33.96%。其中男性69.0%(100/145),平均死亡年龄(37.83±10.75)岁,农民占62.8%(91/145),性传播占73.8%(107/145)。平均生存年限1.22年,确诊后1年内死亡比例为66.9%(97/145)。死亡病例接受抗病毒治疗比例30.3%(44/145);2004—2015年抗病毒治疗比例由35.7%上升到84.2%,同期HIV/AIDS病例的病死率由42.9%下降到6.9%。结论安康市青壮年男性外出务工农民感染者多,多数病例发现较晚、抗病毒治疗比例低,是导致死亡率高的主要原因。需有针对性的开展艾滋病宣传教育,进一步扩大检测,提高抗病毒治疗覆盖率,有效降低病死率。
Objective To analyze the death and its influencing factors of HIV / AIDS patients in Ankang City and to explore ways to reduce death. Methods According to the diagnostic criteria of AIDS and HIV infection (WS293-2008) and the 2012 new HIV prevention information system, the software of Excel 2007 and SPSS 20.0 were used to analyze the database of AIDS deaths from 2002 to 2015 in Ankang City Finishing and statistical analysis. Results Of the total 427 HIV / AIDS cases, 145 died and the cumulative fatality rate was 33.96%. Among them, 69.0% were males (100/145), the average age of death was 37.83 ± 10.75 years old, peasants accounted for 62.8% (91/145), and sexual transmission accounted for 73.8% (107/145). The mean survival time was 1.22 years, 66.9% (97/145) deaths within 1 year after diagnosis. The proportion of deaths receiving antiretroviral treatment was 30.3% (44/145). From 2004 to 2015, the proportion of antiviral treatment increased from 35.7% to 84.2%. In the same period, the case fatality rate of HIV / AIDS patients dropped from 42.9% to 6.9%. Conclusion Most of the male migrant workers in Ankang City were infected by migrant workers, most of them were later found and the proportion of antiviral therapy was low, which was the main reason leading to high mortality rate. It is necessary to carry out targeted AIDS awareness and education, to further expand testing, improve coverage of anti-virus treatment, and effectively reduce the case fatality rate.