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本文给出并分析了,在实际汽车生产中复杂刀具,如滚刀、拉刀等和冷镦、挤压工具失效的实例,并提出延长其寿命的措施。 作者首先将工具失效分为正常、早期和过早三大类。正常失效主要由于磨损,磨刃提前可增加刃磨次数提高其寿命。早期失效主要由于过快的磨损或崩刃。选用较好的材料,正确热处理,提高硬度或韧性是有效的。正确磨削,避免烧伤也是必要的。过早失效主要由于脆断,改进刀具的设计、正确热处理、以降低硬度是有效的。严格检查原材料的碳化物,分配偏析和夹杂可避免由此缺陷造成的脆断。本文将对工具工程师是有参考价值的。
This paper gives and analyzes the examples of complex tools, such as hob, broach, etc., and the failure of cold forging and extrusion tools in practical automobile production, and puts forward measures to prolong their life. The author first divides the tools into three categories: normal, early and premature. Normal failure mainly due to wear and tear, grinding edge can increase the number of sharpening advance to improve their life. Early failure is mainly due to excessive wear or chipping. Use better materials, the correct heat treatment, improve the hardness or toughness is effective. Correct grinding, to avoid burns is also necessary. Premature failure mainly due to brittle fracture, improve the design of the tool, the correct heat treatment, in order to reduce the hardness is effective. Strict inspection of the raw material carbides, distribution segregation and inclusions to avoid the defects caused by brittle fracture. This article will be of reference to tooling engineers.