中国现行的政府隐性担保制度已不能适应经济发展和金融改革的需要,借鉴国外经验,构建适合中国国情的存款保险制度是大势所趋。但存款保险制度的道德风险问题依然严重,而且其运行所需的许多基础性条件中国目前并不具备。因此,完善制度控制道德风险和创造良好的制度运行环境,是中国构建存款保险制度要解决的两个主要问题。 China’s current implicit government guarantee system can no longer meet the needs of economic development and financial reform. Drawing on the experience of other countries and building a deposit insurance system that suits China’s national conditions is the trend of the times. However, the moral hazard of the deposit insurance system is still grave and many of the basic conditions for its operation are not currently available in China. Therefore, improving the system of controlling moral hazard and creating a sound institutional operating environment are two major issues to be solved by China in establishing a deposit insurance system.