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目的探讨建立大鼠室壁瘤左心室重建(LVR)动物模型的可行性。方法对35只成年雄性Sprague-Dawley(SD)大鼠实施左冠状动脉前降支结扎以制作心肌梗死后室壁瘤(LVA)模型,4周后,对符合入选标准的16只LVA模型实施LVR手术,作为实验组;另10只模型行开胸手术作为对照组,在术后3 d、2周、4周分别以超声心动图评价两组大鼠心功能情况,以直视摄片、Masson’s Trichrome染色评价室壁瘤切除的彻底程度。结果 LVA模型及LVR模型的死亡率分别为11.4%(4/35)及18.8%(3/16),建模成功率分别为74.3%(26/35)和81.3%(13/16)。直视摄片及Masson’s Trichrome染色提示补片完全替代心肌梗死瘢痕。超声心动图提示:行LVR手术的实验组动物的左心室收缩期末内径(LVESD)及左心室短轴缩短率(FS)在术后3 d即较对照组有所改善[术后3 d:LVESD(5.00±0.87)mm vs.(5.90±0.92)mm,P<0.05;FS(34.20%±6.80%)vs.(26.60%±6.12%),P<0.01],随着时间的推移,施行LVR手术的实验组大鼠比对照组更好地维持了左心形态及收缩功能[术后2周:左心室舒张期末内径(LVEDD)(7.60±0.56)mm vs.(8.50±1.08)mm,P<0.01;LVESD(5.10±0.65)mm vs.(6.69±0.89)mm,P<0.001;FS(31.90%±6.90%)vs.(21.10%±6.17%),P<0.001;术后4周:LVEDD(7.70±0.50)mm vs(.9.10±0.89)mm,P<0.001;LVESD(5.20±0.39)mm vs.(7.20±0.95)mm,P<0.001;FS(31.80%±2.40%)vs.(20.20%±4.17%),P<0.001]。结论大鼠LVR模型可作为组织工程心肌补片(EHT)研究中一种稳定、可靠、经济的初选模型。
Objective To investigate the feasibility of establishing an animal model of left ventricular remodeling (LVR) in rats with ventricular aneurysm. Methods 35 adult male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were subjected to ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery to create a model of ventricular aneurysm (LVA) after myocardial infarction. Four weeks later, LVRA The other 10 models underwent thoracotomy as the control group. The cardiac function of the two groups was evaluated by echocardiography at 3 days, 2 weeks and 4 weeks after surgery. The direct-viewing radiography, Masson’s Trichrome staining to assess the extent of resection of aneurysm. Results The mortality rates of LVA model and LVR model were 11.4% (4/35) and 18.8% (3/16), respectively. The success rate of modeling was 74.3% (26/35) and 81.3% (13/16%) respectively. Direct-viewing radiographs and Masson’s Trichrome staining suggest that the patch completely replaces myocardial infarction scar. Echocardiography suggested that left ventricular end-systolic diameter (LVESD) and left ventricular fractional shortening (FS) in the experimental group undergoing LVR surgery were significantly improved at 3 days after operation compared with the control group [3 days after surgery: LVESD (5.00 ± 0.87) mm vs. (5.90 ± 0.92) mm respectively, P <0.05; FS (34.20% ± 6.80%) vs (26.60% ± 6.12%), P <0.01]. With the passage of time, The left ventricular morphology and systolic function of the rats in the experimental group were better maintained than those in the control group [LVEDD (7.60 ± 0.56) mm vs. (8.50 ± 1.08) mm, P <0.01; LVESD 5.10 ± 0.65 mm vs. 6.69 ± 0.89 mm, P <0.001; FS 31.90% ± 6.90% vs. 21.10% ± 6.17%, P <0.001; LVEDD (7.70 ± 0.50) mm vs (.9.10 ± 0.89) mm, P <0.001; LVESD (5.20 ± 0.39) mm vs. (7.20 ± 0.95) mm, P <0.001; (20.20% ± 4.17%), P <0.001]. Conclusion The rat model of LVR can be used as a stable, reliable and economical primary election model for tissue engineering myocardial patch (EHT).