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冷浸田因长期受冷泉水浸渍,土体封闭,通气不良,土壤Eh值和有效养分低下,水稻产量偏低。本研究以单施化肥为对照,设置增施生物稻糠、脱硫灰、石膏、过氧化钙和硅钙肥处理,通过田间小区试验和定期观测,探究了不同土壤调理剂对冷浸田土壤特性及水稻生长的影响。结果表明:与CK处理比较,施用生物稻糠和石膏土壤活性还原物质含量分别降低了52%和30%,从而提高了土壤的氧化性能;土壤细菌数分别提高200%和96%,真菌数分别下降16%和10%,进而提高土壤供氮能力。而施用脱硫灰和石膏调节了土壤养分,土壤有效磷含量均增加83%,速效钾含量分别增加50%和13%,水稻叶绿素含量分别提高3%和5%。施用石膏、生物稻糠和脱硫灰水稻分别增产13.0%、10.1%和5.1%。研究认为,施用土壤调理剂能消减冷浸田还原物质毒害,提升土壤微生物活性,提高土壤养分供应,促进水稻增产,并以生物稻糠、石膏和脱硫灰效果最佳。
Cold paddy field due to long-term cold spring water immersion, soil closure, poor ventilation, soil Eh value and effective nutrients are low, rice yield is low. In this study, we applied chemical fertilizers as control and set up rice bran, desulfurized ash, gypsum, calcium peroxide and calcium silicate fertilizers. Through field plot experiments and regular observation, the effects of different soil conditioner on the soil characteristics and Effect of rice growth. The results showed that compared with CK treatment, the contents of active reducing substances in rice bran and gypsum decreased by 52% and 30%, respectively, which improved the oxidation performance of soil. The number of bacteria in soil increased by 200% and 96% 16% and 10%, thereby increasing soil nitrogen supply capacity. Soil desulfurization and gypsum adjusted soil nutrient content, soil available phosphorus content increased 83%, available potassium content increased by 50% and 13%, rice chlorophyll content increased by 3% and 5%. Application of gypsum, biological rice bran and desulfurized gray rice increased by 13.0%, 10.1% and 5.1% respectively. The study suggests that the application of soil conditioner can reduce the poisoning of reducing substances in cold soild soils, enhance the activity of soil microorganisms, increase the supply of soil nutrients and increase the yield of rice, and the best effect is using rice bran, gypsum and desulfurization ash.