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目的:了解杭州市余杭区腹泻的流行特征和病原学特征,为腹泻防控提供依据。方法:哨点医院收集腹泻病例基本信息,采集粪便标本进行致病菌和诺如病毒检测。结果:2013年共监测842例腹泻病例,其中1~5岁年龄段病例最多,占66.27%。果蔬类、米面制品类和肉及肉制品是主要的可疑暴露食物种类,占70.21%。诺如病毒、致泻性大肠埃希菌、沙门菌和副溶血性弧菌阳性率分别为9.74%、5.58%、4.75%和0.95%,未检出志贺菌。诺如病毒感染全年均有发生,第四季度阳性率最高为13.75%。结论:引起腹泻的病原体主要为诺如病毒、致泻性大肠埃希菌和沙门菌,应加强腹泻的监测和健康宣教工作。
Objective: To understand the epidemiological and etiological characteristics of diarrhea in Yuhang District of Hangzhou City, and to provide basis for prevention and control of diarrhea. Methods: Sentinel Hospital collected the basic information of diarrhea cases and collected stool specimens for pathogenic bacteria and Norovirus detection. Results: A total of 842 cases of diarrhea were monitored in 2013, of which 1 to 5 years old accounted for 66.27% of the cases. Fruits and vegetables, rice products and meat and meat products are the main types of suspicious food exposure, accounting for 70.21%. Norovirus, diarrheal Escherichia coli, Salmonella and Vibrio parahaemolyticus positive rates were 9.74%, 5.58%, 4.75% and 0.95%, no Shigella was detected. Norovirus infection occurs throughout the year, the highest positive rate in the fourth quarter was 13.75%. CONCLUSIONS: The pathogens responsible for diarrhea are mainly Norovirus, diarrheal Escherichia coli and Salmonella, and diarrhea monitoring and health education should be strengthened.