历史研究中关于运用决定论和可能论这两个概念的辩论常有陷于无休无止而高深莫测的危险。为了避免这类争论中常常遇到的某些困难,本文拟限于给读者提出某些历史问题以供考虑,希望能够有助于阐明美洲的人类社会与环境之间的关系所固有的局限性和可能性。为了使我们的讨论重点尽可能明确,我们将运 The debates in the history of the two concepts of the use of determinism and probable theory are often at risk of endless and unpredictable. In order to avoid some of the difficulties often encountered in such debates, this article intends to confine readers to some historical questions for consideration, hoping to shed light on the limitations inherent in the relationship between the human society and the environment in the Americas and possibility. In order to make our discussion as clear as possible, we will move