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目的:探讨就诊儿童无机元素缺乏的特点,为儿童保健与疾病治疗提供科学依据。方法:对2006～2007年在沧州医专附属医院儿科就诊的1241名儿童检测头发中的锌、铁、铜、钙、碘。结果:检测的1241例中发锌缺乏率为32.80%,铁缺乏率为22.80%,铜缺乏率为6.61%,钙缺乏率为16.76%,无碘缺乏。发锌缺乏率男性与女性分别为23.90%、41.53%(P<0.01),发铁缺乏率男性与女性分别为20.00%、25.56%(P<0.05);发锌缺乏率城区与农村儿童分别为41.04%、29.71%,发钙缺乏率城区与农村儿童分别为33.58%、44.93%(P<0.01);发锌、铁、铜、钙的缺乏率均以7～12岁组最高,不同年龄的差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论:就诊儿童体内易缺乏锌、铁、钙,且各年龄组、性别、城乡缺乏率不尽相同,故针对性加强儿童保健对提高其健康水平十分必要。
Objective: To explore the characteristics of children with inorganic elements deficiency, provide scientific basis for child health care and disease treatment. Methods: A total of 1241 children in the pediatrics department of Cangzhou Medical Hospital from 2006 to 2007 were tested for zinc, iron, copper, calcium and iodine in their hair. Results: The incidence of zinc deficiency in the 1241 cases was 32.80%, the iron deficiency rate was 22.80%, the copper deficiency rate was 6.61%, the calcium deficiency rate was 16.76%, and no iodine deficiency was found. Hair loss rate of men and women were 23.90%, 41.53% (P <0.01), hair iron deficiency rate of men and women were 20.00%, 25.56% (P <0.05); hair zinc deficiency rate in urban and rural children were 41.04% and 29.71% respectively. The incidence of calcium deficiency in urban areas and rural areas was 33.58% and 44.93% respectively (P <0.01). The incidence of zinc deficiency was the highest in children aged 7-12 years with different ages The differences were statistically significant (P <0.01). Conclusion: The children in the clinic are easy to lack of zinc, iron and calcium, and the age, gender, urban and rural areas are not the same, so it is necessary to strengthen children health care to improve their health level.