[目的]探讨大黄脾虚模型大鼠即时分离的胃壁细胞超微结构的变化。[方法]脾虚模型采用大黄泻下方法,酶法(Pronase EDTA)消化分离及离心纯化大鼠胃壁细胞,透射电镜观察模型组与正常组壁细胞的超微结构变化。[结果]正常组大鼠即时分离的胃壁细胞胞质内可见大量的线粒体和散在的囊泡结构;脾虚组大鼠胃壁细胞电镜下可见明显扩张的分泌小管,小管内可见增长密集的微绒毛,囊泡状结构少见,未见线粒体结构异常。[结论]大黄脾虚模型大鼠胃壁细胞超微结构呈应激状态,可能致其自身对攻击因子敏感性增高,进而导致胃黏膜的易损性增强。 [Objective] To explore the ultrastructural changes of gastric parietal cells isolated from rhubarb spleen deficiency model rats. [Methods] Spleen deficiency model was made by using rhubarb diarrhea method, proteolysis (Pronase EDTA) digestion and purification of rat gastric parietal cells by centrifugation, transmission electron microscope was used to observe the ultrastructural changes of parietal cells in the model group and the normal group. [Results] A large number of mitochondria and scattered vesicles were observed in the cytoplasm of gastric parietal cells immediately isolated from normal rats. The gastric parietal cells in the spleen-deficiency group showed significantly enlarged and secretory tubules under the electron microscope, and the densely-enveloped microvilli appeared in the tubules. The vesicular structure is rare and no abnormal mitochondrial structure was observed. [Conclusion] The ultrastructure of gastric parietal cells in rhubarb spleen deficiency model rats was in a stress state, which may cause their own sensitivity to attacking factors, which in turn leads to enhanced vulnerability of gastric mucosa.