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生物质闪速裂解是使生物质的有机高聚物在隔绝空气、常压、快速加热到400～600℃(约104 K/s的升温速率),超短反应时间(小于2 s)的条件下迅速断链分子键,使结炭和产气降到最小限度,从而最大限度地获得生物质油。依据这一原理,出现了涡旋反应器、烧蚀裂解、旋转锥、沸腾流化床、循环流化床等工艺。文中系统地阐述了常用的生物质闪速裂解液化的方式,介绍了生物质裂解油的特点。
Biomass flash pyrolysis is the separation of biomass, organic polymers in the air, atmospheric pressure, rapid heating to 400 ~ 600 ℃ (about 104 K / s heating rate), ultra-short reaction time (less than 2 s) conditions Quickly broken chain molecular bond, the carbon and gas production to a minimum, in order to maximize access to biomass oil. According to this principle, a vortex reactor, ablation cracking, rotating cone, boiling fluidized bed, circulating fluidized bed and other processes. The paper systematically expounds the commonly used methods of liquefaction of biomass by flash pyrolysis, and introduces the characteristics of biomass pyrolysis oil.