历史的意义和规律必须被作为一个综合问题来研究 ,这既是西方当代哲学的发展趋势 ,也是马克思主义哲学的内在要求。在这一问题上 ,既有萨特发端于现象学方法的整体化尝试 ,也有结构主义播下的意识形态迷雾。比较研究这些解决途径与马克思哲学的不同 ,既可展示马克思历史辩证法与西方当代哲学在方法论上的本质区别 ,也可标明这两者在意识形态上的根本对立。历史的意识和规律的综合是总体性的社会实践活动的辩证结晶 The meaning and law of history must be studied as a comprehensive question, which is not only the trend of the development of western contemporary philosophy, but also the intrinsic requirement of Marxist philosophy. On this issue, there are not only Sartre’s holistic attempts on phenomenological methods but also the fog of ideology sowed by structuralism. A comparative study of the differences between these solutions and Marxist philosophy can not only show the methodological difference between Marxist historical dialectics and Western contemporary philosophy, but also show the fundamental ideological opposition between the two. The combination of the historical awareness and the law is the dialectical crystallization of the overall social practice