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肺癌的发病率和死亡率在当前世界范围内均位于恶性肿瘤之首。近年研究认为,肿瘤干细胞(CSC)是肿瘤发生和发展的根源所在,而CSC的形成依赖于基因突变和表观遗传基因表达或活性异常[1]。表观遗传学是指DNA序列不发生变化,但通过对碱基的修饰,导致基因在表达水平发生变化,即基因型无变化而表型改变,主要包括DNA甲基化、组蛋白甲基化、乙酰化和磷酸化等。任何一种组蛋白修饰均可通过特定的组蛋白密码激活或抑制基因表达[2]。以上所有机制在肿瘤的发生、发展、预后及对治疗反应中均发挥重要作用,表观遗传学修饰能通过改变基
The incidence and mortality of lung cancer are currently the highest in the world in terms of malignant tumors. In recent years, studies have suggested that cancer stem cells (CSCs) are the root cause of tumorigenesis and development, and the formation of CSCs depends on gene mutations and epigenetic gene expression or activity abnormalities [1]. Epigenetics means that the DNA sequence does not change, but the modification of the base causes the gene to change at the expression level, ie, the genotype has no change and the phenotype changes, mainly including DNA methylation and histone methylation. Acetylation and phosphorylation. Any of the histone modifications can activate or inhibit gene expression through specific histone codes [2]. All of the above mechanisms play an important role in tumorigenesis, development, prognosis, and response to treatment. Epigenetic modifications can