为什么近来的生产衰退时期短暂和只是适度的强烈,其主要原因是个人收入和个人消费的稳定倾向。在衰退时由于失业保险补助支付的增加,来自生产的个人收入得到了支援。庞大的社会保障制度的其他部分,如对退休工人的支付保持增加,公共养老金计划和各项公共援助计划,也及时支持了个人收入的流量。在衰退期间,不但消费者驾驭他们的支出,以致紧缩的累积过程受到制止,而且在阻遏衰退和加速复苏方面,消费者支出已呈现为主动因素之一。虽则就业的波动继续紧密地和生产运动相一致,两者的关系却已在变化,有利于将来就业的较大稳定。整个工业范围内“白领”职业的开展,劳动力职业结构的变化,近来倾向于使总就业短期运动和总生产周期运动的联系松弛。〔美国〕政府的金融改革和货币、财政及家计政策,在三十年代生根的经济态度和政治态度的变化,企业公司的各项努力等在战后时期结合起来刺激全面的扩张,并把生产的周期下降保持在缓和的限度内。 The main reason why the recent decline in production was short and moderate was due to the steady tendency of personal income and personal consumption. As a result of the increase in the payment of unemployment insurance benefits during the recession, personal income from production was supported. Other parts of the huge social security system, such as the continued increase in payments to retired workers, the public pension scheme and various public assistance programs, have also promptly supported the flow of personal income. During the downturn, consumer spending was seen as an active one, not only by consumers controlling their spending, but also by the cessation of the accumulation process. Although the fluctuations in employment continue to be closely aligned with the production movement, the relationship between the two has been changing and is conducive to the greater stability of employment in the future. The development of “white collar” occupations and changes in the occupational structure of the labor force throughout the industrial sector have recently tended to loosen the link between total employment short-period exercise and total-cycle exercise. [USA] The government’s financial reforms and monetary, fiscal and household policies, changes in the economic and political attitudes that took root in the 1930s, the efforts of corporations and others, combined in the postwar era, stimulated the full expansion The decline in the production cycle remains within easing limits.