(一)以控股公司为中心的国家参股管理模式。其基本特点是,政府主管部门通过设置大型控股公司来实现对国有资产的管理。意大利是实行这种管理模式的代表。国家控股公司的主要职责:一是充当隔离层和保护层,使企业免受不必要的政治干预,实现政企分开;二是对所有权进行专业化管理,如提供比政府专业部门更有效的战略指导和更完善的财务制度;三是协调政府管理国有企业的有关政策,防止各部门之间政策不 (A) the holding company as the center of the national equity management. Its basic feature is that the government departments through the establishment of large-scale holding company to achieve the management of state-owned assets. Italy is the representative of the implementation of this management model. The main duties of a state-controlled company are as follows: First, act as a separation layer and a protective layer to protect enterprises from unnecessary political interference and separate government from enterprises; second, to professionalize ownership, such as providing more effective strategies than government specialized departments Guidance and a better financial system; the third is to coordinate the government’s policies on the management of state-owned enterprises to prevent the policy between the various departments