目的了解珠海市儿童免疫规划疫苗接种现状,评估免疫服务可及程度。方法在全市3个行政区内,采用分层抽样法从每个区抽取30个居委(行政村),每个居委(行政村)随机抽取7名1~2岁儿童(小龄组);另在全市范围内,每个街道(镇)随机调查10名3~6岁儿童(大龄组),用统一的调查表对抽取的儿童进行包括建卡情况和疫苗接种情况等的调查。结果共调查小龄组儿童632人,大龄组儿童244人,共876人。2012年珠海市1~6岁儿童建卡率为99.20%,卡介苗、乙肝疫苗、脊灰疫苗、百白破疫苗、麻疹疫苗、五苗全程及乙脑疫苗基础免疫合格接种率分别为98.86%、99.20%、99.43%、99.20%、98.51%、97.26%、95.77%,乙肝疫苗首针及时率为86.53%。在小龄组与大龄组儿童的接种率比较中,卡介苗、乙肝疫苗首针及时率和脊灰疫苗的接种率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01),均为小龄组比大龄组高;在本地和流动儿童接种率比较中,卡介苗、五苗全程和乙脑疫苗的接种率差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01),均为本地儿童比流动儿童高。结论 2012年珠海市儿童的基础免疫接种率保持在较高水平,高于国家标准要求的95%;但乙肝疫苗首针及时率低于90%,需加强产房接种的规范管理。 Objective To understand the status quo of vaccination for children’s immunization program in Zhuhai and evaluate the accessibility of immunization services. Methods In the three administrative districts of the city, 30 neighborhood committees (administrative villages) were drawn from each district by using the stratified sampling method, and seven children aged 1-2 were randomly selected from each neighborhood (administrative village). In addition, within the city limits, 10 children aged 3 to 6 (older age group) were randomly surveyed in each street (town), and the collected children were surveyed on the basis of a unified questionnaire including card establishment and vaccination. Results A total of 632 children in the small-age group and 244 children in the older age group were investigated. In 2012, the rate of establishing cards for children aged 1 ~ 6 years in Zhuhai was 99.20%. The eligible immunization rates for BCG, hepatitis B vaccine, polio vaccine, diphtheria toxin vaccine, measles vaccine, whole course of five-seed vaccine and JE vaccine were 98.86% 99.20%, 99.43%, 99.20%, 98.51%, 97.26%, 95.77%. The timely rate of the first needle of hepatitis B vaccine was 86.53%. There were significant differences in vaccination rates of BCG, BCT and poliomyelitis vaccination between children of small group and older group (P <0.05 or P <0.01) In the comparison of the vaccination rates of local and migrant children, there were significant differences in the vaccination rates of BCG, five seedlings and JE vaccine (P <0.05 or P <0.01), both of which were higher in local children than in floating children . Conclusion The basic immunization rate of children in Zhuhai in 2012 remained at a high level, higher than 95% required by the national standard. However, the timely rate of the first needling of hepatitis B vaccine was less than 90%, and standardized administration of maternity vaccination should be strengthened.