目的了解医学生在儿童期被虐待发生情况及其影响因素,旨在采取针对性措施保护和促进儿童的健康成长。方法采用自填式问卷,按照统一方式对某医学院本科一年级、二年级和三年级的学生进行回顾性调查及分析。结果本研究共发放问卷490份,有效答卷为485份,应答率为98.97%。在被调查的485名学生中,有459人(男:282,女:177)表示受过不同类型和不同程度的虐待,占总调查人数的94.64%;其中253人曾有过不同类型和不同程度的危险行为,占儿童期遭受过虐待人数的55.1%。结论儿童被虐待现象常被忽略,现实生活中不同的儿童被虐待方式有不同的发生特点与负面影响因素,对儿童的健康成长极为不利,应引起家长和社会的高度重视。 Objective To understand the occurrence of medical abuse in childhood and its influencing factors, aiming to take targeted measures to protect and promote the healthy growth of children. Methods Self-administered questionnaires were used to conduct a retrospective survey and analysis of undergraduate grade 1, grade 2, and grade 3 medical students in a unified way. Results A total of 490 questionnaires were sent out in this study. The effective response was 485, and the response rate was 98.97%. Of the 485 students surveyed, 459 (male: 282, female: 177) indicated that they had been subjected to different types and degrees of abuse, accounting for 94.64% of the total number of respondents; 253 of them had had different types and degrees. The dangerous behavior accounted for 55.1% of the number of abuses suffered during childhood. Conclusion The abuse of children is often neglected. The abuse of children in real life has different characteristics and negative influences. It is extremely detrimental to the healthy growth of children and should be highly valued by parents and the society.