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19世纪英国批判现实主义作家托马斯.哈代笔下的苔丝这一形象的悲剧给人以心灵的震撼。针对不同评论者强调作品中的“悲剧色彩”、“宿命论”以及“命运”观点,笔者认为应按照文本的客观描写出发,去探究悲剧的根源、悲剧冲突及其性质。苔丝悲剧的首要根源在于家庭的贫困。她与社会发生的四次冲突具有丰富而深刻的社会内容,把苔丝的悲剧判定为社会悲剧是最重要的审美价值所在。与“宿命论”观点的差别,充分体现了时代发展对悲剧的美学价值的要求。
The tragedy of the image of Tess, written by Thomas Hardy, a 19th-century English critical realist writer, gives the soul a shock. In view of different critics emphasizing the views of “tragedy”, “fatalism” and “destiny” in the works, the author thinks that we should proceed from the objective description of the text to explore the root causes of tragedies, tragedy conflicts and their nature. The primary cause of Tess’s tragedy is family poverty. Her four conflicts with society have rich and profound social contents. Judging Tess’ s tragedy as a social tragedy is the most important aesthetic value. And “fatalism” point of view, fully reflects the development of the times the aesthetic value of tragedy requirements.