目的探讨双卵双胎妊娠早期减胎为单胎的妊娠结局。方法 2008年1月—2014年12月期间体外受精及卵胞质内单精子注射-胚胎移植(IVF/ICSI-ET)后双胎妊娠早期(孕45~75 d)减胎为单胎者102例(A组),三胎妊娠早期减胎为双胎者73例(B组)以及双胎妊娠未减胎者4 638例(C组),比较其中晚期流产率、早产率等进一步的妊娠结局。结果 IVF/ICSI-ET后A组与B组和C组比较,早产率(10.8%,58.6%,42.1%)、低出生体质量儿率(6.8%,44.1%,30.3%)明显降低,孕周[(38.0±2.0)周,(35.7±2.3)周,(36.4±2.1)周]、出生体质量[(3.17±0.53)kg,(2.51±0.59)kg,(2.69±0.53)kg]明显增加,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),中晚期流产率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 IVF/ICSI后的双卵双胎妊娠,于孕早期行减胎术安全,具有更好的妊娠结局。 Objective To investigate the pregnancy outcome of twins with single fetus in early gestation. Methods One hundred and two non-pregnant women with single fetus were enrolled in this study from January 2008 to December 2014 after in vitro fertilization and intracytoplasmic sperm injection-embryo transfer (IVF / ICSI-ET) (Group A), 73 pregnancies in the third trimester of pregnancy (group B), and 4,638 non-fetal unmarried pregnancies in the third trimester (group C). Further pregnancy outcomes such as late miscarriage rate and premature birth rate were compared . Results The rates of preterm delivery (10.8%, 58.6%, 42.1%) and low birth weight (6.8%, 44.1%, 30.3%) in group A were significantly lower than those in group B and C after IVF / ICSI- The birth weight [(3.17 ± 0.53) kg, (2.51 ± 0.59) kg, (2.69 ± 0.53) kg] was significantly higher in the weeks [(38.0 ± 2.0) weeks, (35.7 ± 2.3) weeks and (36.4 ± 2.1) weeks] (P <0.05). There was no significant difference in abortion rate in the late stage (P> 0.05). Conclusion Double-egg twin pregnancy after IVF / ICSI is safe in the first trimester of operation and has better pregnancy outcomes.