肠道不仅是消化器官,也是人体内最大的免疫器官。在严重创伤、感染等应激情况下,肠道最先且最易受累,常表现为黏膜糜烂、出血上皮细胞坏死、脱落,肠道局部微循环障碍、缺血再灌注损伤和免疫屏障损伤。肠免疫屏障损伤可进一步导致多器官功能衰竭的发生。因此,近年来有关脓毒症与多器官功能障碍综合征(multiple organ dysfunction syndrome MODS)的胃肠道学说将危重疾病状态下的胃肠道黏膜屏障功能损害称为全身炎症反应综合征(systemic inflammatory response syndrome S I R S)向M O D S和多器官功能衰竭(multiple organ failureM O F)转化的始动器官。 The gut is not only a digestive organ but also the largest immune organ in the body. In severe trauma, infection and other stress conditions, the first and most likely intestinal involvement, often manifested as mucosal erosion, hemorrhagic epithelial cell necrosis, loss, intestinal microcirculation, ischemia-reperfusion injury and immune barrier injury. Intestinal immune barrier damage can further lead to the occurrence of multiple organ failure. Therefore, in recent years, the gastrointestinal theory of sepsis and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) has referred to the gastrointestinal mucosal barrier dysfunction in critically ill conditions as systemic inflammatory response syndrome response syndrome SIRS) The initiating organ that converts to MODS and multiple organ failure M OF.