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钻孔法是一种测量残余应力的技术,现有的计算残余应力公式,均根据下述假设:孔是位于三向应变片中心。本文对偏心孔情况的应力应变关系进行了推导,并以偏心距和极角来表示。还举两个例子来研究和论证对中误差,即一例是单轴向应力场,另一例是静水压力应力场。误差分析得出了下列典型结果:在采用标准三向应变片(EA-09-062-RE-120)测定时,只要孔偏心半径的百分之十,将产生约百分之五的测量误差。
Drilling is a technique for measuring residual stress. The existing formulas for calculating residual stresses are based on the assumption that the hole is centered in a three-way strain gauge. In this paper, the stress-strain relationship of eccentric hole is deduced and expressed by eccentricity and polar angle. We also give two examples to study and demonstrate the centering error, that is, one is the uniaxial stress field and the other is the hydrostatic stress field. Error analysis yielded the following typical results: Measurement error of about 5% for the hole eccentricity radius measured using the standard three-way strain gage (EA-09-062-RE-120) .