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目的：了解３ 岁～７岁小儿体格发育情况及特点。方法：对１ ０３８例小儿的体重、身高进行横断面的调查，并与国内五市城市正常儿童体格发育的衡数量字进行分析比较，同时还对其视力、龋齿、佝偻病后遗症体征等进行检查统计。结果：３ 岁～５岁小儿体重、身高明显大于国内同龄儿童，６ 岁～７ 岁组体重大于同龄儿，唯身高略小于该年龄组指标。视力检查达５．０者７４１人（７１％ ），４．９者１９５人（１８．８％ ），４．８ 者６８人（６．５％ ），＜ ４．８者３４ 人（３．３％ ）。龋齿患病率为２９．９％ ，佝偻病后遗症体征３７６ 人（３６．２％ ）。结论：３岁～７岁小儿体格发育指数超过或接近国内正常同龄儿童，但视力下降，龋齿和佝偻病的高发问题不容忽视。故应加强小儿保健工作，保护眼睛、注意口腔卫生、合理改善饮食结构，加强户外活动，适时补充维生素Ｄ及钙剂亦很重要。
Objective: To understand the physical development and characteristics of children aged 3 to 7 years old. Methods: The cross-sectional survey of body weight and height of 1,038 infants was carried out. The results were compared with those of normal children’s physical development in five cities in China. The visual acuity, dental caries, sequela symptoms and signs of rickets were also examined . Results: The body weight and height of children aged 3 to 5 years were significantly greater than those of the same age in China. The body weight of children aged 6 to 7 years was significantly higher than that of children of the same age, while the height was slightly smaller than the index of this age group. 741 (71%) had visual acuity of 5.0, 195 (18.8%) had 4.9, and 68 (6.5%) had 4.8 or 34 (34%). 3%). The prevalence of dental caries was 29.9%, and the incidence of rickets sequelae was 376 (36.2%). Conclusion: The physical development index of children aged 3 years to 7 years exceeds or approaches the normal children of the same age in our country. However, the problems of high vision, decayed caries and rickets can not be neglected. Therefore, children’s health care should be strengthened to protect the eyes, pay attention to oral hygiene, a reasonable diet to improve the structure, enhance outdoor activities, timely vitamin D and calcium supplements are also important.