选举制度是我国古代一项重要的政治制度,唐宋以后,该制度的核心内容就是学校、科举和任官制度。至明朝时,选举制度空前成熟和完备。20世纪80年代以来,对明代学校、科举和任官制度的研究空前繁荣,不仅相关论著大量问世,而且在理论、方法上也有很大突破,研究的广度和深度更是得到前所未有的拓展。但是,不可否认,既有的研究仍然存在很多不足之处,其中最突出的有两点:一是缺乏从宏观上对学校、科举与任官制度进行系统深入研究 The electoral system is an important political system in ancient China. After the Tang and Song Dynasties, the core of the system was the school system, the imperial examination system and the official system. By the Ming Dynasty, the election system was unprecedentedly mature and complete. Since the 1980s, the research on the schools of the Ming Dynasty, the imperial examinations and the official system has been unprecedentedly prosperous. Not only has there been a large number of related treatises published, but also great breakthroughs have been made in theory and method, and the breadth and depth of the studies have been further expanded. However, it is undeniable that there are still many deficiencies in the existing research. Among them, there are two prominent points. First, there is a lack of a systematic and in-depth study on the system of schools, imperial examinations and government officials in a macroscopic way