目的:分析中国18家医院的14万例年龄相关性白内障患者角膜前表面散光的分布特征。方法:回顾性系列病例研究。连续性收集2015年7月至2018年10月于中国18家爱尔眼科医院就诊的40岁以上年龄相关性白内障患者143 889例（143 889只右眼）的眼部生物学参数资料。角膜前表面散光度数和轴向、前房深度、角膜屈光力、眼轴长度等眼球参数采用IOLMaster 500测量，获取3次测量结果的平均值。各医院将资料整理分析后提交给武汉爱尔眼科医院进行总体分析。非正态分布数据以n M（n P25~n P75）表示；采用Mann-Whitney检验、Kruskal-Wallis检验、χ2检验等分析角膜前表面散光度数和轴向在不同性别、年龄、前房深度、角膜屈光力、眼轴长度中的分布差异。n 结果:143 889例患者中女性84 319例，男性59 570例；年龄为72（65~78）岁；角膜散光度数为0.84（0.51~1.33）D，散光度数≥0.75 D者80 895例（56.22%），散光度数≥1.00 D者57 304例（39.83%）。女性角膜散光度数为0.87（0.53~1.37）D，男性为0.82（0.50~1.29）D（n U=-14.891）；女性顺规散光比例为33.26%（28 046/84 319），逆规散光比例为49.08%（41 385/84 319）；男性顺规散光比例为34.26%（20 408/59 570），逆规散光比例为46.91%（27 945/59 570）（χ2=70.913），差异均有统计学意义（均n P<0.05）。随年龄增加，角膜散光度数先由0.94（0.57~1.48）D减少至0.75（0.46~1.18）D，后又增大至1.19（0.74~1.79）D，差异有统计学意义（n H=1 263.438，n P<0.05），变化的转折在61~70岁。随着年龄的增大，顺规散光比例减小［由77.50%（396/511）减少至12.50%（3/24）］，逆规散光比例增大［由11.15%（57/511）增大至79.07%（34/43）］，斜向散光比例变化不大［17.02%（16/94）至19.92%（245/1 230）］，分布差异有统计学意义（χ2=10 174.496，n P<0.05）。前房越浅，角膜散光度数越大，由0.82（0.51~1.31）D增大至1.05（0.61~1.56）D；逆规散光比例越大，由47.32%（60 207/127 227）增大至51.69%（184/356），差异均有统计学意义（n H=409.961，χ2=120.995；均n P<0.05）。平均角膜屈光力越大，角膜散光度数越大，由0.80（0.49~1.33）D增大至0.95（0.58~1.53）D；逆规散光比例越小，由52.84%（4 963/9 392）减小至39.97%（9 023/22 577），差异均有统计学意义（n H=808.562，χ2=752.147；均n P25.00 mm时，角膜散光度数最大，为1.04（0.62~1.65）D；逆规散光比例最大，为49.00%（10 964/22 376），差异均有统计学意义（n H=2 071.198，χ2=131.130；均n P25.00 mm时，角膜前表面散光度数和逆规散光比例最大。n （中华眼科杂志，2021，57：56-62）“,”Objective:To analyze the distribution characteristics of the anterior corneal astigmatism in 140 000 cataract patients from 18 hospitals in China.Methods:Retrospective study. A total of 143 889 patients (143 889 right eyes) over the age of 40 years with age-related catarac were admitted to 18 Aier eye hospitals in China from July 2015 to October 2018. The average values of the three measurements of the magnitude of anterior corneal astigmatism, the meridian of corneal astigmatism, anterior chamber depth, corneal refractive power, and axial length measured by IOLMaster 500 were obtained. The data acquisition method of each sub-center was to collect and analyze the electronic case data in accordance with the inclusion and exclusion criteria, and to provide them for the sponsor Wuhan Aier Eye Hospital. Non-normal distribution data are presented as n M(n P25, n P75). Mann-Whitney test, Kruskal-Wallis test, Chi-square test were used to analyze the distribution differences of the magnitude of corneal astigmatism and the meridian of corneal astigmatism in gender, age, anterior chamber depth, corneal refractive power and axial length.n Results:Among the 143 889 patients, 84 319 were females and 59 570 were males, the median age was 72 (65, 78) years old, the median corneal astigmatism was 0.84 (0.51, 1.33) D; the corneal astigmatism was ≥0.75 D in 80 895 patients (56.22%) and was ≥1.00 D in 57 304 patients (39.83%). The median corneal astigmatism was 0.87 (0.53, 1.37) D in women and 0.82 (0.50, 1.29) D in men; with statistical difference (n U=-14.891; n P<0.05). The proportion of with-the-rule (WTR) astigmatism was 33.26% (28 046/84 319) for women and 34.26% (20 408/59 570) for men; The proportion of against-the-rule (ATR) astigmatism was 49.08% (41 385/84 319) for women and 46.91% (27 945/59 570) for men, with statistical difference (χ2=70.913;n P<0.05). With the increase of age, the magnitude of corneal astigmatism first decreased from 0.94 (0.57, 1.48) D to 0.75 (0.46, 1.18) D, and then increased to 1.19 (0.74, 1.79) D, with statistical difference (n H=1 263.438; n P<0.05), and the change was at 61 to 70 years old. With the increase of age, the proportion of WTR astigmatism decreased from 77.50% (396/511) to 12.50% (3/24), the proportion of ATR astigmatism increased from 11.15% (57/511) to 79.07% (34/43), and the proportion of oblique astigmatism changed little from 17.02% (16/94) to 19.92% (245/1 230), the distribution difference was significant (χ2=10 174.496;n P<0.05). As the anterior chamber became shallow, the magnitude of corneal astigmatism significantly increased from 0.82 (0.51, 1.31) D to 1.05 (0.61, 1.56) D, and the proportion of ATR astigmatism increased from 47.32% (60 207/127 227) to 51.69% (184/356) (n H=409.961, χ2=120.995, both n P<0.05). With the corneal refractive power rising, the magnitude of corneal astigmatism increased from 0.80 (0.49, 1.33) D to 0.95 (0.58, 1.53) D, the proportion of ATR astigmatism decreased from 52.84% (4 963/9 392) to 39.97% (9 023/22 577); the difference was significant (n H=808.562, χ2=752.147, bothn P25.00 mm, the magnitude of corneal astigmatism was highest [1.04 (0.62, 1.65) D], and the proportion of ATR astigmatism was also highest [49.00% (10 964/22 376)]; the difference was significant (n H=2 071.198, χ2=131.130, all n P25.00 mm, both the magnitude of corneal astigmatism and the proportion of ATR astigmatism reach the peak.n (Chin J Ophthalmol, 2021, 57: 56-62)