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采用田间试验方法,研究了4种施肥方式(CK、A1、A2、A3)对2个甜高粱品种‘新高粱3号’(XT-2)和‘新高粱9号’(T601)秸秆生物产量、糖分含量和蔗糖代谢相关酶活性的影响。结果表明:(1)施肥方式对2个品种的生育天数没有影响;品种XT-2以氮、磷、钾后移改进作追肥施入处理(A3)的生物产量最高(54 916.96kg/hm2),而T601以生育前期施入磷、钾肥全部作基肥一次施入处理(A1)的生物产量最高(64 136.60kg/hm2),两者分别比CK(不施肥)增产14.96%和10.48%。(2)甜高粱秸秆总糖含量与蔗糖含量随生育期变化趋势基本一致,秸秆总糖含量在拔节期很低,其基本从挑旗期开始积累,并于成熟期达到最高值,且以XT-2品种在A3处理下的总糖含量最高(达到鲜基重12.7%)。(3)施肥方式对甜高粱秸秆蔗糖磷酸合成酶合成酶(SPS)和蔗糖合成酶(SS)活性的影响很明显,并以品种T601在A3处理下的SS活性最高(266.74mg.g-1.h-1)、品种XT-2在A1处理下的SPS活性最高(431.21mg.g-1.h-1),且二者均与其他处理差异极显著。研究发现,适宜施肥方式能显著提高甜高粱秸秆的生物产量、糖分含量和蔗糖代谢相关酶(SS、SPS)活性,从而有效改善甜高粱品质,增加其产量。
Field experiment was conducted to study the effects of four fertilization methods (CK, A1, A2 and A3) on the biomass of two sweet sorghum varieties ’XT-2’ and ’T601’ , Sugar content and enzyme activity related to sucrose metabolism. The results showed that: (1) The fertilization mode had no effect on the days of reproductive growth of two cultivars; the highest yield (54 916.96kg / hm2) of XT-2 with nitrogen, , While the highest biological yield (64 136.60 kg / hm2) of T601 was applied by applying phosphorus and potassium fertilizer as basal fertilizer at the early stage of growth (64 136.60 kg / hm2), both of which increased yield by 14.96% and 10.48% respectively compared with CK (no fertilization) (2) The total sugar content and sucrose content of sweet sorghum straw were basically consistent with the change trend of growth period. The total sugar content of straw was low at jointing stage, and basically accumulated from the flag-raising stage and reached the highest value at maturity, -2 had the highest total sugar content (reached 12.7% of fresh weight) under A3 treatment. (3) The effect of fertilization on sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) and sucrose synthase (SS) activity in sweet sorghum stalks was obvious, and the SS activity of strain T601 under A3 treatment was the highest (266.74mg.g -1 .h-1), the highest activity of SPS was observed under the treatment of A1 with XT-2 (431.21mg.g-1.h-1), both of which were significantly different from other treatments. The results showed that suitable fertilization methods could significantly increase the biomass, sugar content and sucrose metabolism related enzymes (SS, SPS) of sweet sorghum straw, thus effectively improving the quality and increasing the yield of sweet sorghum.